Searching and Replacing Nodes with SimpleXML in PHP 5
$xmlstr=<<<XML
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”iso-8859-1″?>
<users>
<user>
<name>John Doe</name>
<address>Binary Avenue 1234 FL</address>
<email>john@john-domain.com</email>
<gender type=”male”>1</gender>
<gender type=”female”>2</gender>
</user>
<user>
<name>Janet Smith</name>
<address>Crazy Bits Road 4568 CA</address>
<email>janet@janet-domain.com</email>
<gender type=”male”>1</gender>
<gender type=”female”>2</gender>
</user>
<user>
<name>James Smith</name>
<address>Socket Boulevard 7894 OH</address>
<email>james@james-domain.com</email>
<gender type=”male”>1</gender>
<gender type=”female”>2</gender>
</user>
<user>
<name>Silvia Wilson</name>
<address>Protocol Avenue 5652 NY</address>
<email>silvia@silvia-domain.com</email>
<gender type=”male”>1</gender>
<gender type=”female”>2</gender>
</user>
<user>
<name>Alejandro Gervasio</name>
<address>Boulevard of Objects 10101 AR</address>
<email>alejandro@alejandro-domain.com</email>
<gender type=”male”>1</gender>
<gender type=”female”>2</gender>
</user>
</users>
XML;
All right, now that I have an XML string to work with, take a look
at the example below, which first loads the XML data onto an object and
next compares a specific node with a predefined value:
require_once ‘xml_string.php’;
if(!$xml=simplexml_load_string($xmlstr)){
trigger_error(’Error reading XML string’,E_USER_ERROR);
}
$message=(string)$xml->user[4]->name==’Alejandro Gervasio’?'User
found!’:'User not found!’;
echo $message;
With this example, you can learn how XML nodes can be compared and
evaluated appropriately. Notice that prior to performing the
comparison, string type casting is applied to the selected node,
because nodes are accessed originally as objects.
With reference to the previous example, its output is the following:
User found!
Since the example you saw before is really simple, here’s another
one, which also illustrates how to compare a different node of the same
XML string:
require_once ‘xml_string1.php’;
if(!$xml=simplexml_load_string($xmlstr)){
trigger_error(’Error reading XML string’,E_USER_ERROR);
}
$message=(string)$xml->user[4]->name==’Unexistent user’?'User not
found!’:'User found!’;
echo $message;
In this case, after executing the above script, this is the result that I get on my browser:
User not found!
As you can see, comparing nodes that belong to a given XML string is
a straightforward process that doesn’t bear much discussion here.
Therefore, let’s move on and learn how to locate specific XML nodes
using another interesting function included with the “simpleXML”
extension. I’m talking about the “Xpath()” method, which will be
explained in the next few lines. Please keep on reading.
[code]
12)
{
$hour -= 12;
return ($hour . “:” . $minute . “:” . $second . ” PM”);
}
else
{
if ($hour < 10)
$hour = substr($hour, 1);
return ($hour . “:” . $minute . “:” . $second . ” AM”);
}
}
?>
[/code]
[color=Purple]fp, 4));
return $result['long'];
}
/**
* 返回读取的3个字节的长整型数
*
* @access private
* @return int
*/
function getlong3() {
//将读取的little-endian编码的3个字节转化为长整型数
$result = unpack(’Vlong’, fread($this->fp, 3).chr(0));
return $result['long'];
}
/**
* 返回压缩后可进行比较的IP地址
*
* @access private
* @param string $ip
* @return string
*/
function packip($ip) {
// 将IP地址转化为长整型数,如果在PHP5中,IP地址错误,则返回False,
// 这时intval将Flase转化为整数-1,之后压缩成big-endian编码的字符串
return pack(’N', intval(ip2long($ip)));
}
/**
* 返回读取的字符串
*
* @access private
* @param string $data
* @return string
*/
function getstring($data = “”) {
$char = fread($this->fp, 1);
while (ord($char) > 0) { // 字符串按照C格式保存,以\0结束
$data .= $char; // 将读取的字符连接到给定字符串之后
$char = fread($this->fp, 1);
}
return $data;
}
/**
* 返回地区信息
*
* @access private
* @return string
*/
function getarea() {
$byte = fread($this->fp, 1); // 标志字节
switch (ord($byte)) {
case 0: // 没有区域信息
$area = “”;
break;
case 1:
case 2: // 标志字节为1或2,表示区域信息被重定向
fseek($this->fp, $this->getlong3());
$area = $this->getstring();
break;
default: // 否则,表示区域信息没有被重定向
$area = $this->getstring($byte);
break;
}
return $area;
}
/**
* 根据所给 IP 地址或域名返回所在地区信息
*
* @access public
* @param string $ip
* @return array
*/
function getlocation($ip) {
if (!$this->fp) return null; // 如果数据文件没有被正确打开,则直接返回空
$location['ip'] = gethostbyname($ip); // 将输入的域名转化为IP地址
$ip = $this->packip($location['ip']); // 将输入的IP地址转化为可比较的IP地址
// 不合法的IP地址会被转化为255.255.255.255
// 对分搜索
$l = 0; // 搜索的下边界
$u = $this->totalip; // 搜索的上边界
$findip = $this->lastip; // 如果没有找到就返回最后一条IP记录(QQWry.Dat的版本信息)
while ($l <= $u) { // 当上边界小于下边界时,查找失败
$i = floor(($l + $u) / 2); // 计算近似中间记录
fseek($this->fp, $this->firstip + $i * 7);
$beginip = strrev(fread($this->fp, 4)); // 获取中间记录的开始IP地址
// strrev函数在这里的作用是将little-endian的压缩IP地址转化为big-endian的格式
// 以便用于比较,后面相同。
if ($ip < $beginip) { // 用户的IP小于中间记录的开始IP地址时
$u = $i - 1; // 将搜索的上边界修改为中间记录减一
}
else {
fseek($this->fp, $this->getlong3());
$endip = strrev(fread($this->fp, 4)); // 获取中间记录的结束IP地址
if ($ip > $endip) { // 用户的IP大于中间记录的结束IP地址时
$l = $i + 1; // 将搜索的下边界修改为中间记录加一
}
else { // 用户的IP在中间记录的IP范围内时
$findip = $this->firstip + $i * 7;
break; // 则表示找到结果,退出循环
}
}
}
//获取查找到的IP地理位置信息
fseek($this->fp, $findip);
$location['beginip'] = long2ip($this->getlong()); // 用户IP所在范围的开始地址
$offset = $this->getlong3();
fseek($this->fp, $offset);
$location['endip'] = long2ip($this->getlong()); // 用户IP所在范围的结束地址
$byte = fread($this->fp, 1); // 标志字节
switch (ord($byte)) {
case 1: // 标志字节为1,表示国家和区域信息都被同时重定向
$countryOffset = $this->getlong3(); // 重定向地址
fseek($this->fp, $countryOffset);
$byte = fread($this->fp, 1); // 标志字节
switch (ord($byte)) {
case 2: // 标志字节为2,表示国家信息又被重定向
fseek($this->fp, $this->getlong3());
$location['country'] = $this->getstring();
fseek($this->fp, $countryOffset + 4);
$location['area'] = $this->getarea();
break;
default: // 否则,表示国家信息没有被重定向
$location['country'] = $this->getstring($byte);
$location['area'] = $this->getarea();
break;
}
break;
case 2: // 标志字节为2,表示国家信息被重定向
fseek($this->fp, $this->getlong3());
$location['country'] = $this->getstring();
fseek($this->fp, $offset + 8);
$location['area'] = $this->getarea();
break;
default: // 否则,表示国家信息没有被重定向
$location['country'] = $this->getstring($byte);
$location['area'] = $this->getarea();
break;
}
if ($location['country'] == ” CZ88.NET”) { // CZ88.NET表示没有有效信息
$location['country'] = “未知”;
}
if ($location['area'] == ” CZ88.NET”) {
$location['area'] = “”;
}
return $location;
}
/**
* 构造函数,打开 QQWry.Dat 文件并初始化类中的信息
*
* @param string $filename
* @return IpLocation
*/
function IpLocation($filename = “QQWry.Dat”) {
if (($this->fp = @fopen($filename, ‘rb’)) !== false) {
$this->firstip = $this->getlong();
$this->lastip = $this->getlong();
$this->totalip = ($this->lastip - $this->firstip) / 7;
//注册析构函数,使其在程序执行结束时执行
register_shutdown_function(array(&$this, ‘_IpLocation’));
}
}
/**
* 析构函数,用于在页面执行结束后自动关闭打开的文件。
*
*/
function _IpLocation() {
fclose($this->fp);
}
}
?>